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Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO)

Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) is a surgical procedure designed to stabilize the knee joint in dogs after a cranial cruciate ligament rupture. By altering the tibial plateau angle, TPLO reduces the stress on the ligament, allowing the knee to function normally without the ligament. This advanced technique is highly effective in restoring mobility and alleviating pain, making it a preferred choice among veterinarians for treating cruciate ligament injuries. The procedure involves precise bone cuts and the use of specialized plates and screws, ensuring optimal recovery and long-term joint stability.

Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) is a specialized orthopedic surgery used to treat cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injuries in dogs. The CCL, equivalent to the ACL in humans, is crucial for stabilizing the knee joint. When this ligament ruptures, it leads to pain, instability, and lameness. TPLO addresses this by changing the angle of the tibial plateau, thereby reducing the need for the CCL to maintain joint stability.

The procedure begins with the surgeon making a curved cut in the top of the tibia (shinbone). The tibial plateau is then rotated to a more level position and secured with a bone plate and screws. This repositioning alters the dynamics of the knee joint, allowing the dog to bear weight on the leg without the CCL. Over time, the bone heals, and the dog regains normal function and mobility.

TPLO is particularly beneficial for active, large-breed dogs with a ruptured CCL, as it provides superior long-term results compared to other surgical options. It is also suitable for dogs that have not responded well to conservative treatments like rest and anti-inflammatory medications. Veterinarians may recommend TPLO based on factors such as the dog’s age, weight, activity level, and overall health.

After diagnosing a CCL rupture through physical examination and imaging (e.g., X-rays), the veterinary surgeon will discuss the TPLO procedure with the pet owner. Pre-surgical evaluations, including blood work and sometimes advanced imaging, ensure the dog is a good candidate for surgery. Post-surgery, the dog will require a period of rest and rehabilitation, including physical therapy, to ensure optimal recovery. Regular follow-up visits will monitor healing and progress.