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Patellar Luxation Correction (MPL/LPL)

Patellar luxation correction is a surgical procedure aimed at realigning the kneecap (patella) in dogs and cats suffering from medial or lateral patellar luxation (MPL/LPL). This condition causes the kneecap to dislocate, leading to pain, lameness, and arthritis if left untreated. The surgery involves deepening the groove in the femur where the patella sits, tightening or loosening the surrounding tissues, and sometimes realigning the quadriceps muscle. This procedure significantly improves joint stability, reduces pain, and enhances mobility. It is a highly effective solution for pets with moderate to severe patellar luxation.

Patellar luxation, or dislocation of the kneecap, is a common orthopedic problem in dogs and cats, especially small breeds. This condition can cause pain, lameness, and eventually arthritis if not addressed. Patellar luxation correction surgery aims to realign the kneecap, ensuring it stays in place during movement, thereby improving joint stability and comfort.

The surgical approach depends on the severity and direction of the luxation. For medial patellar luxation (MPL), where the kneecap dislocates toward the inside of the leg, the procedure typically involves deepening the trochlear groove of the femur. This is done by creating a deeper channel for the patella to glide smoothly. The surgeon may also tighten the tissues on the outer side of the knee and loosen those on the inner side to keep the patella centered. In some cases, realigning the attachment of the quadriceps muscle or performing a tibial tuberosity transposition (moving the attachment point of the patellar tendon) is necessary.

Patellar luxation correction is suitable for pets with moderate to severe patellar luxation that affects their mobility and quality of life. Young animals with early signs of luxation and those experiencing frequent dislocations are prime candidates. Factors such as the pet’s age, overall health, activity level, and the severity of the luxation are considered when recommending this surgery. Pets with mild, asymptomatic luxation may be managed with conservative treatments, but surgical correction is often the best option for long-term joint health.

The diagnosis of patellar luxation involves physical examination and diagnostic imaging like X-rays to assess the severity of the condition. Once surgery is deemed necessary, a thorough pre-surgical evaluation, including blood work, ensures the pet is a good candidate. Post-operative care involves strict rest and controlled activity to allow proper healing. Physical therapy is often recommended to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve joint function. Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor recovery and address any complications.