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Correction of Angular Limb Deformity

Angular limb deformity correction is a surgical procedure designed to realign bones in pets suffering from abnormal limb angulation. These deformities can result from congenital issues, trauma, or growth plate injuries, causing pain, lameness, and functional impairments. The surgery involves cutting and repositioning the affected bones, using plates, screws, or external fixators to maintain the correct alignment during healing. This procedure improves the limb’s function, appearance, and overall mobility, enhancing the pet’s quality of life. Early intervention is crucial to prevent secondary complications and ensure optimal outcomes.

Angular limb deformities in pets can arise from various causes, including congenital defects, trauma, or growth plate injuries. These deformities can lead to abnormal bone alignment, causing pain, impaired function, and even secondary joint problems. Correcting these deformities through surgery is essential to restore normal limb function and improve the pet’s quality of life.

1. Osteotomy and Internal Fixation

The surgeon makes a precise cut in the deformed bone (osteotomy) and repositions the segments to achieve proper alignment.
Plates and screws are then used to secure the bone segments in the corrected position, ensuring stability during the healing process.
This technique is often used for more straightforward deformities where internal fixation provides sufficient stability.

2. External Fixation

For more complex or severe deformities, external fixators may be used. These devices consist of pins and rods placed outside the limb, providing adjustable support to maintain alignment.
External fixators allow for gradual correction of the deformity, offering flexibility in adjusting the bone position during the healing process.
This method is particularly useful for younger pets with ongoing bone growth or when multiple planes of correction are needed.

Surgical correction of angular limb deformities is suitable for pets experiencing pain, lameness, or functional impairments due to the abnormal alignment. Early intervention is crucial, especially for young pets, to prevent secondary complications such as arthritis or joint instability. Factors such as the pet’s age, overall health, the severity of the deformity, and the underlying cause are considered when planning the surgery.

The diagnosis of angular limb deformities involves a thorough physical examination and advanced imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to assess the extent and nature of the deformity. Once surgery is deemed necessary, a comprehensive pre-surgical evaluation, including blood tests and sometimes additional imaging, ensures the pet is fit for anesthesia and surgery.

Post-operative care is critical for successful recovery. This includes controlled activity, physical therapy, and regular follow-up visits to monitor healing and adjust the fixation devices if necessary. Pain management and wound care are also important components of post-surgical care. With proper treatment and rehabilitation, pets can achieve significant improvements in limb function, mobility, and overall quality of life.